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Jenico d'Artois
Sir Jenico d'Artois, Dartas, Dartass or Dartasso (c.1370-1426) was a Gascony-born soldier and statesman, much of whose career was spent in Ireland. He enjoyed the trust and confidence of three successive English monarchs, and became a wealthy Irish landowner.〔Gilbert, John Thomas "Roland FitzEustace" ''Dictionary of National Biography 1885-1900'' Vol. 18 p.53〕
==Early career==
Although the best-known version of his surname might suggest that Artois was his birthplace, historians are unanimous that he was a native of Gascony. This province in France, having been part of the dowry of Eleanor of Aquitaine on her marriage in 1152 to Henry II of England, was in the fourteenth century an English possession.
He entered the service of the English Crown, and by 1394 he is known to have been high in the favour of King Richard II of England.〔Butler, Richard ''Some Notices of the Castle and of the Abbeys and other religious houses at Trim, County Meath'' Henry Griffith Trim 1835 pp.48-9〕 He accompanied the King on his military expedition to Ireland in that year and distinguished himself as a soldier, fighting against the Irish clans in Counties Carlow and Kilkenny. He received a substantial grant of land in south County Dublin "for his good service against the Irish of Leinster and for his constant loyalty". 〔Crooks, Peter ''Factionalism and Noble Power in English Ireland c.1361-1423'' Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD. University of Dublin 2007 p.261〕 D'Artois was not especially grateful for his new estate, and made the celebrated complaint that: "it would be worth more than a thousand marks a year if it were near London, but I have such trouble keeping it that I would not wish to live here for long, for a quarter of the whole land of Ireland". 〔Crooks p.262〕 He claimed possession of the manor of Huntspill Marreys in Somerset, but the King upheld the rival claim of James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond.〔Crooks p.262〕
In 1398, when Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was killed in a skirmish with the O'Brien clan at Kells, County Meath, d'Artois was in charge of taking reprisals against the O'Briens. It was reported that he "slew, captured or brought into submission many of the Irish".
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